6 Things to Know Before Starting a Business in France

Starting your own business in France is an attractive option for many international residents, especially those who face challenges entering the local job market. Whether you’re thinking of freelancing, launching a gîte, opening a shop, or offering consulting services, it’s important to be well prepared.

Here are six key things to consider before diving in:

1. Are You Legally Allowed to Work for Yourself in France?

EU and EEA citizens have automatic rights to live and work in France, including self-employment. Non-EU citizens, however, must ensure their visa or residence permit allows for independent activity.

Some permits, such as the visitor visa, forbid any kind of work, while others—like the salarié visa—are strictly for employees with French contracts. If you’re aiming to freelance or start a business, you’ll likely need an entrepreneur visa, or possibly a talent passport if you meet certain income or qualification thresholds. Holders of post-Brexit Article 50 residence cards can work freely in any capacity.

2. Have You Researched Whether Your Profession Is Regulated?

France has over 250 regulated professions—ranging from architects and accountants to beauticians and electricians. If you work in one of these fields, you may need to provide proof of qualifications that meet French or EU standards.

If your certification was obtained outside the EU, you’ll likely need to go through a recognition process, and in some cases take additional exams.

Even in unregulated sectors, you’ll still need to comply with local laws, hygiene, and safety standards. For example, opening a food business or wellness studio comes with its own set of strict regulations. Many people find it helpful to take a short training course to get familiar with French compliance expectations.

3. Do You Understand the French Tax and Social Charges System?

In France, working independently means you’re responsible for your own social security and tax contributions, which can be substantial. If you hire employees, you’ll also be liable for employer contributions, which are relatively high.

Freelancers must also be careful: hiring someone who relies solely on your business for income can be considered disguised employment, which is prohibited under French law.

4. Have You Considered Business Registration Options?

All independent workers must register their activity with the appropriate French body—usually URSSAF for most freelancers and micro-entrepreneurs.

The micro-entrepreneur status is often recommended for those starting small. It simplifies tax and social charge payments but comes with annual income caps (€188,700 for retail/trade, €77,700 for services). Exceed these, and you’ll need to move to a different structure like an EURL or SASU.

Some trades may also require you to register with a chamber of commerce, professional body, or local guild.

5. Do You Know Your Tax Filing Obligations?

Registering with URSSAF covers your social contributions, but don’t forget you also need to file an annual tax return with the French tax authorities (impôts), even if your income is modest.

Failure to file can result in penalties, so it’s best to stay on top of deadlines and consider consulting an accountant—especially in your first year of business.

6. Are You Working Remotely for a Foreign Employer?

If your plan is to live in France while working remotely for a company abroad, it’s important to understand the implications. French tax authorities consider this as working in France, regardless of where your employer or clients are located.

That means you could be liable for French income tax and social charges, even if your employer is not based in France. While the legal framework for remote work is still evolving, it’s important to clarify your obligations early to avoid future complications.

Launching a business or working for yourself in France is absolutely achievable, but it requires planning and an understanding of local rules. From visas to taxes and professional standards, being informed is key to success.  Check out EnglishSpoken.com for a range of English speaking professionals who can help you on your way.